The influence of nicotine and smoking on the gene expression of human beta-defensins and proinflammatory cytokines in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and in keratinized gingiva from smokers and non-smokers
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A Concept Suggestion on the Effect of Cigarette Smoking in Inflammatory Destruction of Gingiva
Dear Editor, Cigarette smoking has destructive effect on periodontal tissue. The rates of loss of periodontal attachment and recession of gingival are higher in smokers than non-smokers (1-2). Previous studies on the inflammatory immune responses in smokers’ periodontitis have mainly focused on the role of neutrophils. Tumor necrosis factor–α, prostaglandin E2 and matrix metalloproteinase...
متن کاملHistopathological Study of the Effect of Smoking on Free Gingiva in Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Periodontitis
Introduction: Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for progression of periodontitis, which effects on the incidence, extent and severity of the periodontal disease and no other known factors can be harmful as much as smoking to the periodontal tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine clinical and histopathological effects of smoking on free gingiva in smokers and non-smokers with chro...
متن کاملInterrelationship of Smoking, Lip and Gingival Melanin Pigmentation, and Periodontal Status
Background: Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. It also causes pigmentation of oral mucosa. The present study was aimed to assess the effects of smoking on lip and gingival pigmentation and periodontal status and the relationship between pigmentation and periodontal parameters. Methods: A total of 109 smokers and an equal number of non-smoker controls (mean a...
متن کاملAlternations of Antioxidant Activity in Saliva in Smokers
Cigarette smoke is injurious to both oral cavity and internal body environment. Saliva is the firstbody fluid to encounter the dangerous smoke. The aim of our present study was, therefore, toevaluate the influence of smoking on the antioxidant activity of saliva of healthy smokers.Antioxidant capacity of saliva was determined using different methods in the centrifuged saliva from25 male smokers...
متن کاملCYP2A6 genetic polymorphism and its relation to risk of smoking dependence in male Iranians
Introduction: Nicotine is the psychoactive substance responsible for establishing and maintaining smoking dependence. CYP2A6 is the primary enzyme that inactivates nicotine to cotinine .Genetic variation in CYP2A6 accounts for some of the inter-individual variability in nicotine metabolism and has been indicated to influence smoking behavior and dependence. Therefore, the aim of this study was ...
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تاریخ انتشار 2013